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In Silico |
Mir et al., Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.002 (Peer Reviewed) |
Identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors from the major phytochemicals of Nigella sativa: An in silico approach |
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In Silico study identifying phytochemicals from nigella sativa (𝛼-hederin, dithymoquinone, negillicine, and negillidine) as potential SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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| Mir et al., Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.002 (Peer Reviewed) |
| Identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors from the major phytochemicals of Nigella sativa: An in silico approach |
In Silico study identifying phytochemicals from nigella sativa (𝛼-hederin, dithymoquinone, negillicine, and negillidine) as potential SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
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Mir et al., 9/8/2021, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Early |
Koshak et al., Complementary Therapies in Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102769 (Peer Reviewed) |
hosp., ↓74.7%, p=0.37 |
Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19: An open-label randomized controlled clinical trial |
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RCT 183 mild COVID-19 outpatients in Saudi Arabia, 91 treated with Nigella Sativa, showing lower hospitalization and faster recovery with treatment. NCT04401202.
500mg Nigella sativa oil (MARNYS Cuminmar) twice daily for 10 days. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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| Koshak et al., Complementary Therapies in Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102769 (Peer Reviewed) |
| Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19: An open-label randomized controlled clinical trial |
RCT 183 mild COVID-19 outpatients in Saudi Arabia, 91 treated with Nigella Sativa, showing lower hospitalization and faster recovery with treatment. NCT04401202.500mg Nigella sativa oil (MARNYS Cuminmar) twice daily for 10 days.
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risk of hospitalization, 74.7% lower, RR 0.25, p = 0.37, treatment 1 of 91 (1.1%), control 4 of 92 (4.3%).
risk of no recovery, 42.7% lower, RR 0.57, p < 0.001, treatment 34 of 91 (37.4%), control 60 of 92 (65.2%).
Koshak et al., 8/15/2021, Randomized Controlled Trial, Saudi Arabia, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 10 authors.
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Review |
Al-Gabri et al., International Journal of Nanomedicine, doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S314321 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
review |
Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone and Its Nanoformulations in Pulmonary Injury: A Comprehensive Review |
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Review of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) research, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties, application to lung conditions, and the potential advantages of nanoformulations on drug solubility, cellular .. |
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Review
Review
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| Al-Gabri et al., International Journal of Nanomedicine, doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S314321 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
| Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone and Its Nanoformulations in Pulmonary Injury: A Comprehensive Review |
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Review of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) research, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties, application to lung conditions, and the potential advantages of nanoformulations on drug solubility, cellular absorption, and drug delivery to lung tissue target sites.
Al-Gabri et al., 7/27/2021, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
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Review |
Ahmad et al., Vascular Pharmacology, doi:10.1016/j.vph.2021.106899 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
review |
The potential role of thymoquinone in preventing the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 |
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Review of the potential role of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) in minimizing cardiovascular complications of COVID-19. |
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Review
Review
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| Ahmad et al., Vascular Pharmacology, doi:10.1016/j.vph.2021.106899 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
| The potential role of thymoquinone in preventing the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 |
Review of the potential role of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) in minimizing cardiovascular complications of COVID-19.
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Ahmad et al., 7/23/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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Review |
Shad et al., Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13553 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
review |
The role of thymoquinone, a major constituent of Nigella sativa, in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases |
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Review of the pharmacological properties of nigella sativa and thymoquinone and application for a variety of diseases, focusing on recent studies of the anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties that are promising for diseases including .. |
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Review
Review
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| Shad et al., Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13553 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
| The role of thymoquinone, a major constituent of Nigella sativa, in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases |
Review of the pharmacological properties of nigella sativa and thymoquinone and application for a variety of diseases, focusing on recent studies of the anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties that are promising for diseases including COVID-19.
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Shad et al., 7/23/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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In Silico |
Hardianto et al., Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, doi:10.22146/ijc.65951 (Peer Reviewed) |
Exploring the Potency of Nigella sativa Seed in Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations |
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In Silico study showing nigella sativa metabolites binding to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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| Hardianto et al., Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, doi:10.22146/ijc.65951 (Peer Reviewed) |
| Exploring the Potency of Nigella sativa Seed in Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations |
In Silico study showing nigella sativa metabolites binding to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
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Hardianto et al., 7/12/2021, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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In Silico |
Maiti et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-26464/v1 (Preprint) |
Active-site Molecular docking of Nigellidine to nucleocapsid/Nsp2/Nsp3/MPro of COVID-19 and to human IL1R and TNFR1/2 may stop viral-growth/cytokine-flood, and the drug source Nigella sativa (black cumin) seeds show potent antioxidant role in experimental rats |
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In Silico and animal study of nigella sativa and component nigellidine, showing nigellidine binding activity for several important SARS-CoV-2 proteins and for relevant host receptors; and that black cumin seed extract was antioxidative, h.. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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| Maiti et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-26464/v1 (Preprint) |
| Active-site Molecular docking of Nigellidine to nucleocapsid/Nsp2/Nsp3/MPro of COVID-19 and to human IL1R and TNFR1/2 may stop viral-growth/cytokine-flood, and the drug source Nigella sativa (black cumin) seeds show potent antioxidant role in experimental rats |
In Silico and animal study of nigella sativa and component nigellidine, showing nigellidine binding activity for several important SARS-CoV-2 proteins and for relevant host receptors; and that black cumin seed extract was antioxidative, hepato- and reno-protective in rats.
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Maiti et al., 5/5/2021, preprint, 5 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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In Silico |
Duru et al., Bulletin of the National Research Centre, doi:10.1186/s42269-021-00517-x (Peer Reviewed) |
In silico identification of compounds from Nigella sativa seed oil as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 targets |
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In Silico study of compounds from Nigella Sativa oil. Authors identify component phytochemicals with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and analyze binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2 targets. Caryophyllene oxide, α-bergamotene, and β-bisa.. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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| Duru et al., Bulletin of the National Research Centre, doi:10.1186/s42269-021-00517-x (Peer Reviewed) |
| In silico identification of compounds from Nigella sativa seed oil as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 targets |
In Silico study of compounds from Nigella Sativa oil. Authors identify component phytochemicals with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and analyze binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2 targets. Caryophyllene oxide, α-bergamotene, and β-bisabolene were identified as promising candidates for inhibition.
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Duru et al., 3/12/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Early |
Fetian et al., Healthbook Times, doi:10.36000/hbT.2021.01.001 (Peer Reviewed) |
Response to Nigella sativa in Patients with Confirmed and Suspected COVID-19 |
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Retrospective 35 patients treated with Nigella Sativa showing good outcomes and relatively fast recovery. There was no control group. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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| Fetian et al., Healthbook Times, doi:10.36000/hbT.2021.01.001 (Peer Reviewed) |
| Response to Nigella sativa in Patients with Confirmed and Suspected COVID-19 |
Retrospective 35 patients treated with Nigella Sativa showing good outcomes and relatively fast recovery. There was no control group.
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Fetian et al., 3/4/2021, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
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PrEP |
Al-Haidari et al., Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15:1 (Peer Reviewed) |
symp. case, ↓62.2%, p<0.0001 |
Preventive Value of Black Seed in People at Risk of Infection with COVID-19 |
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Prophylaxis study with 376 mostly high-risk patients, 188 treated with nigella sativa, showing significantly lower cases with treatment. Black seeds 40mg/kg orally once daily. |
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Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis study
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis study
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| Al-Haidari et al., Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15:1 (Peer Reviewed) |
| Preventive Value of Black Seed in People at Risk of Infection with COVID-19 |
Prophylaxis study with 376 mostly high-risk patients, 188 treated with nigella sativa, showing significantly lower cases with treatment. Black seeds 40mg/kg orally once daily.
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risk of symptomatic case, 62.2% lower, RR 0.38, p < 0.001, treatment 68 of 188 (36.2%), control 180 of 188 (95.7%).
Al-Haidari et al., 1/31/2021, prospective, Iraq, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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Early |
Al-Haidari et al., Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 15:3 (preprint 1/2021) (Peer Reviewed) |
death, ↓95.8%, p=0.001 |
Clinical Trial of Black Seeds Against COVID – 19 in Kirkuk City / Iraq |
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Open-label RCT with 419 patients in Iraq, 160 treated with Nigella Sativa, showing lower mortality and severe cases with treatment. Black seeds 40mg/kg orally once daily for 14 days. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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| Al-Haidari et al., Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 15:3 (preprint 1/2021) (Peer Reviewed) |
| Clinical Trial of Black Seeds Against COVID – 19 in Kirkuk City / Iraq |
Open-label RCT with 419 patients in Iraq, 160 treated with Nigella Sativa, showing lower mortality and severe cases with treatment. Black seeds 40mg/kg orally once daily for 14 days.
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risk of death, 95.8% lower, RR 0.04, p = 0.001, treatment 0 of 160 (0.0%), control 14 of 259 (5.4%), relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
risk of COVID-19 severe case, 92.6% lower, RR 0.07, p < 0.001, treatment 2 of 160 (1.2%), control 44 of 259 (17.0%).
Al-Haidari et al., 1/31/2021, Randomized Controlled Trial, Iraq, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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Early |
Ashraf et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.10.30.20217364 (Preprint) |
death, ↓81.9%, p=0.01 |
Honey and Nigella sativa against COVID-19 in Pakistan (HNS-COVID-PK): A multi-center placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial |
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RCT with 157 patients treated with honey and nigella sativa, and 156 control patients, showing significantly faster recovery and viral clearance. NCT04347382.
Honey (1gm/kg/day) plus encapsulated Nigella sativa seeds (80mg/kg/day) orally.. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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| Ashraf et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.10.30.20217364 (Preprint) |
| Honey and Nigella sativa against COVID-19 in Pakistan (HNS-COVID-PK): A multi-center placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial |
RCT with 157 patients treated with honey and nigella sativa, and 156 control patients, showing significantly faster recovery and viral clearance. NCT04347382.Honey (1gm/kg/day) plus encapsulated Nigella sativa seeds (80mg/kg/day) orally in 2-3 divided doses daily for up to 13 days.
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risk of death, 81.9% lower, RR 0.18, p = 0.01, treatment 2 of 157 (1.3%), control 11 of 156 (7.1%), all cases.
risk of death, 67.1% lower, RR 0.33, p = 0.49, treatment 0 of 107 (0.0%), control 1 of 103 (1.0%), relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, moderate cases.
risk of death, 78.8% lower, RR 0.21, p = 0.03, treatment 2 of 50 (4.0%), control 10 of 53 (18.9%), severe cases.
risk of no recovery, 83.6% lower, RR 0.16, p < 0.001, treatment 107, control 103, moderate cases.
risk of no recovery, 75.2% lower, RR 0.25, p < 0.001, treatment 50, control 53, severe cases.
risk of no virological cure, 81.9% lower, RR 0.18, p < 0.001, treatment 107, control 103, moderate cases.
risk of no virological cure, 76.9% lower, RR 0.23, p < 0.001, treatment 50, control 53, severe cases.
Ashraf et al., 11/3/2020, Randomized Controlled Trial, Pakistan, South Asia, preprint, 48 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with honey) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Early |
El Sayed et al., Am J Blood Res., doi: (Peer Reviewed) |
Promising preventive and therapeutic effects of TaibUVID nutritional supplements for COVID-19 pandemic: towards better public prophylaxis and treatment (A retrospective study) |
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Small retrospective study of 20 patients in Egypt suggesting benefits of TaibUVID (nigella sativa, chamomile and honey) treatment. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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| El Sayed et al., Am J Blood Res., doi: (Peer Reviewed) |
| Promising preventive and therapeutic effects of TaibUVID nutritional supplements for COVID-19 pandemic: towards better public prophylaxis and treatment (A retrospective study) |
Small retrospective study of 20 patients in Egypt suggesting benefits of TaibUVID (nigella sativa, chamomile and honey) treatment.
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El Sayed et al., 10/15/2020, Egypt, Africa, peer-reviewed, 18 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with chamomile and honey) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Review |
Kulyar et al., Phytomedicine, doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153277 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
review |
Potential influence of Nagella sativa (Black cumin) in reinforcing immune system: A hope to decelerate the COVID-19 pandemic |
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Review of immune-regulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits of nigella sativa, and potential benefits for COVID-19. |
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Review
Review
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| Kulyar et al., Phytomedicine, doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153277 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) |
| Potential influence of Nagella sativa (Black cumin) in reinforcing immune system: A hope to decelerate the COVID-19 pandemic |
Review of immune-regulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits of nigella sativa, and potential benefits for COVID-19.
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Kulyar et al., 7/10/2020, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.
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Review |
Ahmad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.6793 (Review) (Preprint) |
review |
Covid-19 and thymoquinone: Connecting the dots |
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Review of the potential benefits of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) for COVID-19, recommending clinical trials. |
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Review
Review
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| Ahmad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.6793 (Review) (Preprint) |
| Covid-19 and thymoquinone: Connecting the dots |
Review of the potential benefits of thymoquinone (a component of nigella sativa) for COVID-19, recommending clinical trials.
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Ahmad et al., 6/26/2020, preprint, 4 authors.
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In Silico |
Bouchentouf et al., ChemRxiv, doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.12055716.v1 (Preprint) |
Identification of Compounds from Nigella Sativa as New Potential Inhibitors of 2019 Novel Coronasvirus (Covid-19): Molecular Docking Study |
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In silico study of compounds from nigella sativa identifying nigellidine and α-Hederin as potential compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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| Bouchentouf et al., ChemRxiv, doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.12055716.v1 (Preprint) |
| Identification of Compounds from Nigella Sativa as New Potential Inhibitors of 2019 Novel Coronasvirus (Covid-19): Molecular Docking Study |
In silico study of compounds from nigella sativa identifying nigellidine and α-Hederin as potential compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2.
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Bouchentouf et al., 4/2/2020, preprint, 2 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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